Gigabit Ethernet was first specified by two standards: IEEE 802.3z-1998 and 802.3ab-1999. The IEEE 802.3z standard specifies the operation of Gigabit Ethernet over fiber and coaxial cable and introduced the Gigabit Media-Independent Interface (GMII). These standards have been superseded by the latest revision of all the 802.3 standards included in IEEE 802.3-2002. The IEEE 802.3ab …